Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte substrates are ideal materials for use in high-temperature and extreme environmental conditions. Particularly in applications involving non-ferrous (NF) molten metals, YSZ substrates can operate stably at temperatures up to 1400°C and withstand temperature fluctuations of several hundred degrees. Compared to traditional materials, YSZ offers superior thermal stability, thermal shock resistance, and chemical stability, making it highly effective under these extreme conditions. Traditional materials fail to withstand such extreme thermal conditions, while YSZ is capable of handling high temperatures and thermal cycling challenges.